Child Labour

 CHILD LABOUR 
       
   Although the rule to prohibit child labour has already been in effect, the problem of child labour is the most shameful aspect in our society. None is serious about this problem. In spite of the awareness that none should promote child labour, people engage children in various kinds of works, whether be they capable or not. To use children for one's selfish end is not expected in a civilized country.
             But it seems that it is inevitable in our society. Self-centred people are responsible for this proliferation of the problem of child labour. But the Government cannot enforce the law to stop the evils of child labour. In order to stop child labour, the Government should confirm education of children, provide good midday meal regularly, support the parents of the children financially, make accounts of the drop-out children quite seriously, and make people aware of the fact that child labour is certainly a curse to a civilized country. Most of the children who come of the poor families gradually become involved in child labour. Those children cannot but choose the way of child labour because of their pecuniary circumstances. Moreover, the illiterate, poor, and thoughtless parents insist their children to earn for their families. Therefore, the parents should be determined that they shall not plunge their children into the darkness of child labour which spoils the future of their children. 
                      Unfortunately, the Government, parents, and some selfish and rather cruel people care little about this problem. Consequently, our country has been degrading still in education and economy. The only way to get rid of this evil system is to be morally conscious. If child labour in our country is not prohibited in the true sense of the term, our country will soon be enlisted as the most degrading country in the world.

Computers In Everyday Life

 Computers In Everyday Life 

    Though the introduction of computers in India is very recent, their usage is already very vast. Today different types of computers control different parts of our daily life. Computer models are used to predict weather of a short time. They are used for editing our morning newspapers and other books. Microwave machines and washing machines which are the most basic types of computers are seen in plenty in households. TV and radio channels are controlled by computers. Airways and railways use computerised reservation system. In factories, hard manual labour is done by automatic machines and offices use computers for tough calculations and other works. But, sadly, the usages of computers are still confined to urban lifestyle and far from reaching the rural areas.

Population Explosion In India

Population Explosion In India 
     Population explosion is a global problem. But it is assuming an alarming proportion in India. India is tne most populous state after China (1281 millions), and its population growth rate is quite high. Population explosion is in general an undesirable condition as the small geographical areas of countries cannot support the relationship between population and its environment. According to latest census, population of India is 1027 millions. Such a huge population instead of becoming a national asset has become a national liability. More children do not mean more workers for the future but more people without work and more mouths to feed. Such over population has resulted from an increase in birthrates, a significant result in mortality rate, and an increase in immigration. The poor people being uncouscious about the dangers and threats of population have a tendency to give birth to more children. They feel that more number of offsprings would help them to have more earning members in the family. But unfortunately the situation worsens out of such thoughts. They care little about how to bring up their children properly. Their education is neglected and they inevitably suffer from malnutrition. In fact more than half of the child population in India suffer from malnutrition. Though the government has taklen plans and strategies for economic development, the growth of population has upset all plans. India at present has one-sixth of the world's population. Its population will be reaching 1.6 billion by 2050. This means that though food production in India has increased to a considerable extent, yet a food shortage is predicted by 2026. Not only that, there would be certain concerns about other basic needs like water, health, and housing. Under the circumstances, immediate remedy must be sought to meet the problem of population explosion. Ever since the five billionth baby was born, July 11, (1987) has been observed as the world population Day. In India, consciousness is needed foremost to control the population outburst. Family planning is not an accepted norm in India especially among low income groups. llliteracy should be driven away from the country. Besides, the government should also take serious steps to stop migration and influx of refugees from neighbouring countries like Myanmar, Nepal, Srilanka and Bangladesh. Otherwise the choice between controlling population or perpetuating poverty in our country will become more difficult.

Early Rising

 Early Rising 

  Early rising is a good habit. An old proverd in English says,''Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.'' Early rising has a lot of benefits. An early riser begins his days early, has ample time to finish all his tasks. Early rising is beneficial to our health. It is the best period in the whole day to exercise. It is free from din and bustle of the day- to-day life and is an ideal time for preparing lessons. We can breathe pure oxygen-filled air which is essential for respiration. The calmness gives us peace of mind. We can enjoy the beauty of nature. So, we should make a habit of rising early regularly. Early rising enables a man to reach his goals early and certainly.

Good Manners

 Good Manners 

      ''Manners' means a person's behaviour towards other people which is considered by the people of all ages and cultures to be polite. And a person who shows poli teness and behaves generously to others is considered to be a well-mannered person. A good mannered person is loved and respected by people irrespective of age, sex and caste. Good manners teaches one to be obedient and polite to the elders and to be kind towards juniors. Good manners are the outcome of one's unselfish, generous attitude. Good manners are, in fact, made up of petty sacrifices. Good manners beget healthy association, a worthy friend circle and helpful neighbours. Good manners make a good samaritan. To conclude, ''The hardest job kids face today is learning good manners without seeing any.''

Science and War

 Science and War 

   There is an ancient relationship between science and war. Soon after man learned the use of fire for cooking he began using it for hunting. There is no denying that man has somewhere inside him the basic animal instincts though he tries hard to ignore it. Even the inventions with intentions most noble have been used in purpose of war and destruction. Nuclear fission and fusion which were to become the source of unlimited energy has become the most devastating weapon in the world. Now there are so much weapons and ammunition of mass destruction ready that they can destroy the world over and over a hundred times. It is not the fault of the inventors but of those who use it. There is still time to save us from ourselves and we have to act fast for it.

Curiosity

 Curiosity 

   It is curiosity that led Adam and Eve tasting the forbidden fruit, but by the irony of fate it has proved to be an emblem of human intellect. This is the inborn trait of man that lasts lifelong. Much in literature and art are nothing but curiosity along with imagination translated into rhythmic words, immortal characters and wonderful curves and shades. The achievements of science are also the outcome of this instinct in man. Apart from these, some social curiosity is widely in vogue, chiefly encompassing scandals, familial matters, lazy gossips. These are detrimental indeed. But this is undeniable that much of the charm in human life is in direct proportion to man's curiosity because seriousminded people are more curious about astronomy, herbal plants, marine life and mysteries of nature.

Patriotism

 Patriotism 

   ''He who loves not his country can love nothing.'' - Samuel Johnson
Patriotism is one's love for his motherland and the willingness to save her pride by any means, even by giving away one's mortal life. It is considered by many as the noblest virtue. A patriot always cares for the honour of his country by working in every possible manner. Whether he is a cobbler or a doctor, if he serves his country from the bottom of his heart, he is a patriot. But extremists confuse patriotism with jingoism which is nothing but an output of a troubled mind. Sex, caste or religion do not matter for a patriot. True love for one's country is all that only matters. Like Thomas Campbell, all that we have to believe is that ''the patriot's blood is the seed of Freedom's tree''.

Superstitions

 Superstitions 

   ''Superstition is the religion of the feeble minds.'' - Edmund Burke 
Superstition is in human's mind from ancient times when science hadn't emerged. The failure to detect the reason for the occurrences of natural phenomena gave birth to superstitions. Tillthen, it has been dominant all over the world. Stopping to walk if a black cat crosses the road, considering Friday the 13th as the unlucky day are a few of the many examples of superstitions that we experience among ourselves daily. Such illogical thinking often brings danger to a person or the person grows a phobia. Superstition has now become basic instinct and is inherited through generations. Spread of scientific education is the only way to get rid of this vice.

Self-help

 Self-help 

   It is often said that self-help is the best help. Though man is a social animal, it does not mean that every man should look forward to someone else to do his job. One should always do one's work by himself. Self-help makes a man self-sufficient and self-satisfied. It develops one's willpower and sense of responsibility. One should not be ashamed to seek help, but one must not be completely dependent on help of others. People who always look for other's help end up losing their strength of character and self-confidence. Such people even lack original ideas. History is full of heroes who helped themselves and rose out of ashes like a phoenix in the battlefield of life.

Seasons in Bengal

 Seasons in Bengal 

   There are six different seasons in the nature of West Bengal which can be clearly distinguished from one another. They are summer, monsoon, autumn, late autumn, winter and spring. Summer is the hottest period of the year. It covers the months of April and May. In this time people suffer from heatwave. But this season is famous for its luscious fruits like mangoes, lichis, watermelons etc. Summer is followed by the rainy season which covers the months of June, July and August. In this time dark clouds overcast the sky and men feel relieved as rains come down. ponds, tanks, rivers are filled with water. But too much rain also spells disaster. Autumn comes after the rainy season. It is the season of popular Bengali festivals like Durga puja, Kali puja, Bhratridwitiya etc. Then comes winter, the season of Christmas, flowers, fruits, vegetables, feasts, fairs and functions. In this season the weather is cool and dry. Winter is followed by the most charming season spring. It extends from March till April. In this season nature is nicely dressed. It is also the season of fresh green leaves. Indeed in Bengal all seasons are useful to mankind and to nature. Bengal's culture is largely indebted to its seasons.

Man and Trees

    Man and Trees    

               Trees sustain life by extending its friendly branches for man and creature. We gather fruits and vegetables, crops and grains from the benevolent trees. They provide us with the raw materials for constructing human habitat. They give us herbal medicines- life-saving and with no side effects. Paper, wax, spice, rubber, honey, fuel are the precious gifts of trees. Forests produce oxygen and reduce the level of carbon dioxide and hence keep a balance of these gases in the atmosphere. They constantly fight against the greenhouse effect and so check global warming. We can breathe in fresh air as they purify the atmosphere. They prevent soil erosion and can resist floods. Trees are the natural habitat of birds, insects and animal life which is very essential for ecological balance. But trees are felled indiscriminately for the rapid urbanization and industrialization. So, deforestation has been strongly checked and monitored. Afforestation is the new goal set for our survival. So, social forestry has been highly encouraged. People nowadays observe Tree Plantation Day or Week. We have a slogan 'One Plant, One Life'. Trees, a source of aesthetic pleasure are also the fountainhead of life perpetually.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

Sarva Shiksha  Abhiyan  

  Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan is an effort to universalise elementary education by community ownership of the school system. It is a response to the demand for basic education all over the country.  This programme is also to provide an opportunity for improving human capabilities to all children. The SSA programme attempts to bring all children in school to make all children complete five years of primary schooling by 2007, to ensure all children complete eight years of elementary schooling by 2010. It aims at bridging all gender and social category gaps at primary stage by 2007. The Central and the State Governments would share the expenses. Sincere and hard working teachers are being recruited to fulfil the SSA norm of 40:1 pupil- teacher ratio. Of late the Govt. of India has launched Kasturba Gandhi Balika Vidyalaya (KGBV) scheme for setting up residential schools for upper primary level girls only. If the dropouts come back to school again and child labourers get back to the mainstream the HRD ministry's endeavour will be fruitful. 

Water Pollution

 Water Pollution 

 Water is the fundamental need for our life. But nowadays, Water pollution has posed a serious problem. If it further continues, potable water will be in want. The main cause is the untreated sewage of cities and towns. The sewage is directly drained off into rivers. The chemical wastes from factories and industries pollute water. Nowadays chemical fertilisers and pesticides are used extensively to raise crop and productivity of soils. As these seep to the ground water or carried to ponds and lakes, these cause health hazards. It affects the aquatic life. Mineral oils discharged into seawater and other waterways from ship and steamer adversely affects the aquatic life. The atomic effluents of atomic power plants and ashes from thermal power plants affects water. The other main cause is the arsenic pollution. As a result of  water pollution many diseases like typhoid, cholera, dysentry, cancer occurs. Oxygen depletion occurs which result in destruction of aquatic lives. Sewage treatment power plants must be set up along the course of rivers. Flow of chemical fertilisers and pesticides to the river must be stopped. The prevention of water pollution should be carried out in an emergency basis.

Deforestation

 Deforestation 

       Even a century ago, forest occupied a large expanse of the total land surface of the world. It provided us shelter, kept up the supply of oxygen and brought about rainfall. But progress of civilisation has resulted in destroying the forest world. Trees were felled for urbanisation. This continuous act of deforestation led to the extinction of many botanical and zoological species. Deforestation leads to soil erosion, irregular rainfall and global warming. Now we have been realising that a severe disequilibrium in ecology has been brought about by deforestation. So, now afforestation is the only way out. Today on a particular day of the year we celebrate Tree Plantation Day to make people aware of the importance of afforestation.

KALPANA CHAWLA

 Kalpana Chawla 

            The space scientist Kalpana Chawla was an embodiment of courage. This lady of Indian origin was born at Karnal in Punjab in 1962. She got her schooling in her native town and had a degree in aeronautical engineering from Punjab University. For higher studies she went to the USA and didher doctorate from the Colorado University. Kalpana began her space research at NASA. She had already achieved recognition as a great space scientist. She was selected into core team to travel the outer space in 2003 with a mission of collecting valuable information about the space. But most unfortunately the spacecraft exploded on 1st Feb,2003 just before returning to the earth. The space scientist was lost in the space for ever. Kalpana Chawla will live as long as space researches go on.

SCIENCE AND SUPERSTITIONS

 Science and Superstitions 

     Science is the systematic explanation of the physical world. It unfolds the truth of the world, examined scientifically. Science stands for rationality. It has almost relieved us from the evil cast of prejudices. Superstition is the belief, not based on reason or scientific knowledge. It includes the ideas of magic, omens, witchcrafts. Superstition comes into existence when people fail to explain the natural phenomena like earthquakes, cyclones, any epidemic etc. Superstitions have mostly died away in civilised life today. But in many parts of this universe, specially in villages or remote areas, people still believe in superstitions for the lack of proper education. Science is the greatest antidote to the poison of superstition.

NOISE POLLUTION

 Noise Pollution 

     Sound pollution is one of the greatest problems fof the people of 21st century. It is a great threat to human life. It causes partial or complete deafness in us. It is purely caused by us. The main cause is the indiscriminate use of microphone on social, religious and other occasion. The use of electric horns by various motor vehicles also causes sound pollution. Use of crackers during pujas is one of the causes. Sound pollution increases blood pressure, heart disease, deafness. It disturbs people in their sleep and an examinee during exam. It affects students at their studies. It increases our anxiety and tension. This grave problem must be solved. The use of microphones, horns, crackers must be controlled. People should be made aware of the danggers of this pollution. To prevent this menace the government has enacted laws lik 'no horn' zones, a range of 65 decibel etc. Now the civic authorities should be more vigilant to ensure the proper enforcement of the laws.

DRUG ADDICTION

 Drug Addiction 

   Even after years of crusade against it, drugs still claim hundreds of innocent lives every year. Narcotics like cocaine, heroin, valium, ecstasy, marijuana, speedball, different types of mushroom etc. are the most infamous drugs. people start taking drugs as antidepression medicines or painkillers, often offered to them illegally by people of the drug industry. Slowly the drugs take over their lives forming dangerous addictions. Youths are the main targets of the drug-dealers. Drugs distort reality, create hallucination and states of euphoria in them who take it and gradually transform them into drug seekers. these drug seekers do not hesitate to steal, rob or even kill to satisfy their addiction. There are treatments when one admits his drug addiction. But proper criminal justice system and social infrastructure are also needed to fight this million dollar underworld industry.

GLOBAL WARMING

  GLOBAL WARMING 

 Global warming is an up to date edition to the menace of environmental pollution. It threatens the very survival of the planet just as the possibility of a nuclear holocaust did in the Cold War years. The earth has started becoming warmer day by day. Of late a record loss of sea-ice in the Arctic causes much concern to the scientists. They fear that the Arctic has now entered an irreuersible phase of warming which will accelerate the loss of the polar sea-ice that has helped to keep the climate stable for thousands of years. The massive land glaciers of Greenland are also melting. as a consequence the sea levels will rise alarmingly. Rainfall becomes irrgular globally. Many factors are contributting for heating. Deforestation and use of fossil fuel, chemical fertilisers and pesticides are the main factors. Environmentalists like Greenpeace activists are holding international meet with world leaders. Urbanisation and industrialisation are to be restricted if the planet is to be sureenhouse effect can be checked if advancement is restrained. A warmer globe is not accommodative to the warmth of life.

Arsenic Pollution

     ARSENIC POLLUTION 

     Arsenic pollution is a major problem in west Bengal in recent times. Arsenic is generally found in the lower levels of 

 underground water. In summer the underground water level goes down and people have to consume the water of the lower layers. Besides drinking they use it for other domestic purposes. As a result people suffer from different skin diseases like gangrene, skin cancer and so on. Districts of Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia and South 24 Parganas are the worst affected areas. Some countries like Bangladesh, Thailand are also facing this problem. People of the arsenic polluted areas are to be made aware of its danger. Water must be boiled and distilled before drinking. The government and NGOs have been working to save the valuable lives from this extremely poisonous substance.

A SHORT PARAGRAPH POLLUTION

POLLUTION

       pollution is the gradual poisoning of the ideal environment. Since the Feudal Age, forests are destroyed to produce  

ploughlands and towns; since the Industrial revolution, factories and automobiles have been releasing toxins to both the air we breath and the water we drink. The main criminal in today's world for pollution is the rapidly growing urbanisation and consumerism. Pollution increases with the rise in production which is connected with the growing need of people. The results of pollution are seen in the increased amount of toxic gases, in the growing mortality rate of all marine and land animals and in outbreak of heart diseases and cancers. Along with the application of modern science, the spread of literacy and environmental knowledge is also necessary to stop pollution in its tracks.

A SHORT PARAGRAPH PLASTIC BAGS

     PLASTIC BAGS 

 Plastic bag is a new threat to the environment. Previously paper-made packets were used for carrying things. But as plastic is durable and waterproof it has replaced paper to make carry bags. But these bags are not biodegradable and hence cause a great problem. Theychoke drains and as a consequence the sanitation of the urban areas is hindered. The floods of Mumbai in recent times have become an eye-opener to the civic authorities. If thrown on the soil or dump in any place, trees and plants lose soil contact. So it is very alarming to use these paper-thin plastic bags for shopping on regular basis. Burning of them causes air pollution too. More public places like schools,hospitals and railway stations should be declared as plastic free zone by authorities concerned. To be on the safe side, we should prefer ecological to mere convenience.

 SUBHAS CHANDRA BOSE 

 A little boy, Subhas Chandra Bose, babe fair to be a great patriot in the future. He was born on 23rd January in 1897 in Cuttack. His father, Janakinath Bose was a well- known lawyer of the city. Little Subhas loved 'Bandemataram' song in boyhood. He was sent to an English school when he was five. He did not like English ways of that school. He liked Indian culture and learnt to love the country. India was not free then. He always dreamt of India's freedom. He was admitted to Ravenshaw Collegiate School. Here he drew the attention of Benimadhab Das, the headmaster and became his favourite. In his school subhas  led his class to observe 'Khudiram-Day'. Morning shows the day. Boy subhas became a great leader in the future. He is now known as 'Netaji' who thught us 'Jay Hind'.

A PARAGRAPH ON SWAMI VIVEKANANDA

 SWAMI VIVEKANANDA  

   Swami Vivekananda was a monk with a patriotic spirit. He was born at simla in North Kolkata on 12 January, 1863. His early names were 'Bile' and Narendranath. He was restless and spirited from his boyhood. He did his degree from a college now known as the Scottish Church College, Kolkata. This time he met Ramakrishna at Dakhineswar. The meeting brought a change in his life. He became a monk and took the name Vivekananda. He travelled all over India on foot. His speech at Chicago made Hinduism Known to the world. He founded the Ramakrishna Mission and Mutt at Belur. He was a man of letters. His works inspire the youth of India. He passed away on July 4, 1902 at the age of 39 only. So it is said 'Whom the gods love die young'.

The Life Of Rabindranath Tagore

RABINDRANATH TAGORE     

    Rabindranath Tagore was the greatest poet of India. He was born in Kolkata on the 6th May in 1861. He came of a rich Jamindar family of Jorasanko. The Tagore family was a seat of culture of the city. Rabindranath was a poet from his boyhood. Besides poems, he wrote novels, dramas, short stories, essays and hundreds of songs.
He won the Nobel Prize in 1913 for his poems, Geetanjali. He had endless love for life, beauty and the country. The poet founded the Viswa Bharati at Santiniketan in 1902. He gave up Knighthood in protest against the killings at Jalianwallabag by the British. The great poet passed away on August 7, 1941. He was loved and honoured all over the world as 'Viswakabi'. We ever remember him through 'Rabindra Sangeet' and 'Pachishey Baisak'.

A LIFE HISTORY OF ACHARYA PRAFULLACHANDRA

   PRAFULLACHANDRA  ROY  
  
   Acharya Prafullachandra Roy was born on August 2,1861 in Khulna now in Bangladesh. He studied at Hare School in Kolkata. He got the scholarship from the Metropolitan College,Kolkata and went to England. He did his B.Sc. and D.Sc. from England. He was a professor of the Presidency College. Roy was a learned professor of chemistry. He became famous for his invention of a nitrate of mercury. He had a strong nationalistic spirit. He founded the Bengal Chemicals in 1900-the first national industry in kolkata. The Acharya led a very simple life. He loved his students dearly and helped them with money. He breathed his last on the 16th of July, 1944. The teacher left behind a large number of students. Many of them became successful scientists in later life.

A PARAGRAPH ON JAGADISHCHANDRA BOSE

        JAGADISHCHANDRA BOSE
  Acharya Jagadishchandra Bose was a great scientist. He was born on November 30,1858 in Dacca now in Bangladesh.His schooling was completed at Faridpur. He was next admitted to St. Xavier's College in Kolkata. He got the BA degree from the University of Kolkata. He went to England For higher studies. He did his BSc and DSc from London. Sri Bose became a professor of the presidency college. He was famous for his work on wireless. It led to the invention of radio. He was the founder of the radio. He was the first to show that plants and metals feel and suffer pain as we do. Sri J.C. Bose set up the 'Bose Institute' in Kolkata. His "Abyakta Jiban' shows the gift of his literary skill. He was a saint of science. Such a great son of Bengal passed away on 23rd November,1937. 

       ISWARCHANDRA VIDYASAGAR
                              
  ISWARCHANDRA IS KNOWN AS VIDYASAGAR IN BENGAL. HE WAS BORN IN 1820 AT BIRSINGHA IN THE DISTRICT OF MIDNAPORE . HE CAME OF A VERY POOR FAMILY. HE STUDIED AT THE SANSKRIT COLLEGE IN KOLKATA. HE BECAME A TEACHER OF THE SAME COLLEGE. LASTLY HE WAS PROMOTED TO PRINCIPAL OF THE COLLEGE. SOMETIME HE WORKED AS AN INSPECTOR OF SCHOOLS. HE WAS KNOWN AS VIDYASAGAR FOR HIS VAST LEARNING IN SANSKRIT. HE LED A SIMPLE LIFE. HE HAD A KIND HEART. ISWAR CHANDRA SET UP GIRLS' SCHOOLS, FOUGHT AGAINST CHILD MARRIAGE AND STARTED WIDOW MARRIAGE. HE IS CALLED THE FATHER OF BENGALI PROSE. HIS 'BARNA PARICHAYA' IS VERY POPULAR AMONG THE YOUNG LEARNERS OF BENGAL. THIS GREAT SON OF BENGAL DIED IN 1891. BUT HE WILL ALWAYS REMAIN IN OUR MINDS FOR HIS GREAT HEART, IDEALS AND WORKS.

A paragraph on Satyajit Ray

          SATYAJIT RAY

  Satyajit Ray was the greatest film-maker in India. He came of a cultured family of kolkata. His father Sukumar Roy and grandfather Upendra Kishore Roy were well-known authors of children's literature. He studied at presidency college and went to Santiniketan to take lessons on art. Ray made some famous films,'Pather panchali','Charulata','Agantuk',etc.His screenplays were highly praised everywhere. He wasagreat film director and a writer of prose. He was well-versed in Western music. His 'Professor Shanku','Feluda',etc. are liked by the people of all ages. Ray was honoured with the highest national award 'Bharat Ratna' and the international prize-Oscar. His death on the 23rd of April, 1992 was a great loss to the filmdom.

A Paragraph on B.R. Ambedkar

                                                                              B. R. AMBEDKAR

 Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was a friend of the backward people of India. He was born on April 24,in 1891 at Ratnagiri in Maharashtra. He came of a poor family. But that was not a bar to his success. He was a very good student. He set out for America for higher education. practise law at Mumbai High Court. He was touched by the system of untouchability in India. The backward people were looked down upon by the people of higher cast. He protested against this and became the leader of the untouchable. He was one of the makers of the Indian Constituttion. He was a great patriot and social reformer. He was honoured with the Bharat Ratna. We cannot forget this great man who left us on December6,1955.

write a paragraphs on the life of gandhiji

                                      MAHATMA  GANDHI                                                                

        Gandhiji is called the father of Indian nation. He was born on october 2,1869 in Gujarat. He went to England to study law. He started practice in South Africa. Here he pleaded for the Indians against the misrule of the English rulers.In 1919 Gandhiji came back to India and started his political career. He led satyagraha, a peaceful weapon to fight for freedom. He was the leader of the masses. He led the movements by non-violent means. Gandhiji was sent to prison several times. The long fight led to freedom. India won independence in 1947. Gandhiji lived a simple,saintly life. He never took unfair means to achieve his objects. He was a mass leader, a symbol of truth and non-violence. He was called MAHATMA . He fell to a bullet on 30th January,1948. India needs a Gandhiji today.